We present a mathematical model for wettability alteration wa in fractured reservoirs. A protocol for determining the effect of water composition on surface alteration is described using simple and less preparation sensitive, brineoil and rockbrineair systems when compared to conventional rockbrineoil measurement methods. For these systems, the standard capillarypressure model that assumes static wettability is insu cient to describe the physics. Surfactantinduced wettability alteration has a great effect on the relative permeabilities of oil and water. Experimental investigation of silicabased nanofluid. Neutral wettability no preferential wettability to either water or oil in the pores. The argument was that elevated temperatures enhance adsorption of the potential determining ions which then modifies wettability to a lessoilwetting state.
Similarly, because of wettability alteration with fc722, there is no imbibition of either oil or water in both berea and chalk. A series experiments were conducted for investigating the effect of wettability alteration on relative permeability for oilwet reservoir sandstones rock with air permeability range from 0. Unlike conventional oil production methods, enhanced oil recovery eor processes can recover most oil products from the reservoir. Effects of wettability on capillary pressure, journal of petroleum technology39 october 1987. Different measurements were conducted to study the mechanisms of enhanced oil recovery eor by surfactantinduced wettability alteration. However, the effectiveness of these agents can be increased by the addition of chemicals such as polymers, ionic materials, and nanoparticles. Experimental investigations of the wettability of clays. The role of polar nonhydrocarbons compositional changes amongst surface active components of petroleum are brought about by crude oil. Wettability alteration in chalk wettability alteration in chalk standnes, dag c.
In the wateroilrock system, wettability is manifested as the expansion trend of oil or water to rock surface. The wetting phase will tend to spread on the solid surface and a porous solid will tend to imbibe the wetting phase, in both cases displacing the nonwetting phase. Impact of timedependent wettability alteration on the. Pdf enhancing hydrocarbon productivity via wettability alteration.
Wettability alteration used for water block prevention. The ionic formulation of the injected brine affects dramatically the crude oilbrinerock interfaces, altering rock wettability and improving oil recovery efficiency. Most of the surfactants were shown to be able to alter wettability of calcite. Primary evaluation indicated that incorporating dlvo terms. Wettability alteration of sandstones by silica nanoparticle. Surfactant induced reservoir wettability alteration. Effect of temperature, wettability and relative permeability on oil. It was followed by the active research by the oil company british petroleumbp webb et al. In the petroleum context, wettability is the tendency of a reservoir rock surface to preferentially contact a particular fluid in a multiphase or twophase fluid system 3. Dependency of wettability alteration on hydrocarbon. Doing so, the wettability and zeta potential of calcite surfaces were measured through the sessile drop method and an inhouse experimental setup, respectively. Wettability alteration is discussed in detail in chapter 2. Similarly, because of wettability alteration with fc722, there is no imbibition of either oil or water in both berea and chalk samples.
One method, known as wettability alteration, changes the hydrophilicity of the reservoir rock via decreased surface interactions with crude oils. They observed that the wettability of the matrix of the glass micromodel changed from strongly waterwet to pref. In this study, the porescale performance and mechanism of nanofluid eor were investigated based on a micromodel experiment. Study of wettability of calcite surfaces using oilbrine. Research article wettability effects on capillary pressure. Eclipse reservoir simulator reference manual, schlumberger, 2006. Experimental investigation of sio 2 nanoparticles on. Wettability alteration by magnesium ion binding in heavy. J petrol explor prod technol wettability alteration to intermediate gaswetting in lowpermeability gascondensate reservoirs shuo zhang 0 1 guancheng jiang 0 1 le wang 0 1 wang qing 0 1 haitao guo 0 1 xinguo tang 0 1 diangang bai 0 1 0 h. This study combines the effect of wettability and interfacialtension ift alteration by surfactants and the corresponding effect on spontaneous imbibition in ulrs from the permian basin through a correlated experimental work flow, which includes conducting contactangle ca and. Both surfactants then were tested for their ability to alter the wettability of sandstone rocks.
N2 compositional changes amongst surface active components of petroleum are brought about by crude oilbrinerock interactions. The micromodel sample was designed to compare the silicabased homogeneous water. Ulr natural state of oil wet to systems favoring frac fluid imbibition. Woodleya, alexander shapiroa,n a department of chemical and biochemical engineering, technical university of denmark, anker engelunds vej 1, dk2800 kongens lyngby, denmark. Wettability alteration modeling for oilwet calcitesilica.
Request pdf wettability alteration in petroleum systems. Buckley new mexico petroleum recovery research center socorro, new mexico, usa andrew carnegie kuala lumpur, malaysia john edwards bernd herold muscat, oman. Wettability alteration using surfactants additives and. Wettability is the ability of a liquid to maintain contact with a solid surface in a threephase system. Wettability alteration and spontaneous imbibition in oil. The intermediate state between waterwet and oilwet can be caused by a.
Wettability alteration is an important method to increase oil recovery from oilwet carbonate reservoirs. Surfactant enhanced oil recovery by wettability alteration. The reference experiments and comparative studies for similar systems are discussed in section 4. Pdf a model for wettability alteration in fractured. Wettability alteration in gascondensate reservoirs to. Surfactants can be added to frac fluids, in proper concentrations, to alter wettability while fracking the formation. The mitigation of these attractive forces enhances petroleum extraction and increases the accessibility of previously. Wettability is one of most important characteristics for governing the flow and distribution of reservoir fluids in the porous media,the wetting and spreading behavior of liquids on the solid surfaces changes if the wettability of solid surface is altered. Jul 01, 2004 hence, petroleum surface active compounds are capable of rapidly days to months facilitating wettability alteration in crude oilbrinerock systems that are initially water wet. In petroleum reservoirs wettability is the tendency of oil to adhere to the reservoir rock surfaces limiting oil movement and recovery. Evaluation of gas wettability and its effects on fluid distribution and. Hence, petroleum surface active compounds are capable of rapidly days to months facilitating wettability alteration in crude oilbrinerock systems that are initially water wet. The displacement of oil by reduction of the interfacial tension and the alteration of the wettability upon replacement of the brine with alkalinesurfactant solutions are shown as a function of time.
In a rockoilbrine system, many wetting states are thought to occur. Similarly, because of wettability alteration with fc722, there is no imbibition of either oil or. Crains petrophysical handbook wettability of porous rocks. According to this rationale, it becomes questionable if diluted. In a glass capillary tubeuis altered from 50 to 120 and from 0 to 60 for waterair and normal decaneair systems, respectively. Critical role of wettability alteration in improved oil. The application of nanoparticles in enhancing oil recovery. The impacts of nanoparticles on the wettability of. Seepage laws of oil and water are greatly affected by surfactantinduced wettability alteration.
The effects of wettability on relative permeability, journal of petroleum technology39 november 1987. Experimental investigations of the wettability of clays and shales. Wettability alteration in chalk, journal of petroleum. Surfactant induced wettability alteration in porous media 159 eugene a. Emulsions and foams in the petroleum industry 79 laurier l. The role of polar non hydrocarbons compositional changes amongst surface active components of. Wettability effects on capillary pressure, relative. The role of polar nonhydrocarbons compositional changes amongst surface active components of petroleum are brought about by.
Factors that influence wettability alteration are considered, and how this in turn. Chemical agents are used as wettability modifiers in carbonate systems. How to design drilling fluids to improve recovery in shale plays geoffrey thyne1. N2 compositional changes amongst surface active components of petroleum are. The results from the flow tests demonstrate the effectiveness of wettability alteration from improved gas flow in gaswater systems at 140 and 80c. Enhanced oil recovery eor using nanofluids has been proposed in recent years, but the mechanism of oil recovery enhancement through nanofluid injection still needs further study. The preference of a solid to contact one liquid or gas, known as the wetting phase, rather than another. Mechanisms of enhanced oil recovery by surfactantinduced. When the solid wall is not smooth, the value of the apparent contact angle depends on the measuring. Wettability alteration and spontaneous imbibition in. Bai tan hai development company, china national petroleum corporation, tianjin 300289, china 1 s. Although the number of oilwet and waterwet reservoirs. The study combines the effect of wettability and ift alteration and the corresponding impact on imbibition in ulr by. Experimental study of wettability alteration to preferential.
Insights into the impact of temperature on the wettability. Jamiu oyekan adegbite, emad walid alshalabi, bisweswar ghosh. Experimental investigation of sio 2 nanoparticles on enhanced. Chemical agents like surfactants are known as wettability modifiers in carbonate systems.
Understanding formation wettability is crucial for optimizing oil recovery. Evaluating physicochemical properties of crude oil as. Aug 17, 2014 wettability alteration is an important method to increase oil recovery from oilwet carbonate reservoirs. Surfactant enhanced oil recovery by wettability alteration in. Accordingly, understanding the mechanisms by which a reservoir has acquired oilwet state is the first step in any wettability alteration scheme. Wettability alteration is one of the mechanisms of enhanced oil recovery by alkaline flooding. In this work, application of silica nanoparticles for wettability alteration of initially oilwet calcite was investigated through analysis of surface forces and dlvo theory. Finally, the key results of the work are summarized in section 6. Experiments have shown wettability alteration can signi cantly decrease capillarity in co 2 storage applications. Fractional wettability reservoir that has local areas that are strongly oilwet, whereas most of the reservoir is strongly waterwet. They observed that the wettability of the matrix of the glass. Wettability alteration of carbonate rocks via magnetic fields application. The irreducible saturation of the wetting phase before wettability alteration airbrine system for water wet sample is smaller than the irreducible saturation of the wetting phase after the wettability of the samples were changed to oilwet airoil system as shown in figures and 14.
Fundamentals of wettability wael abdallah edmonton, alberta, canada jill s. Recent studies show the spreading behavior of liquids on solid surface can be significantly improved after nanofluid treatment. It was followed by the active research by the oil company british petroleum bp webb et al. Experimental study of wettability alteration to preferential gas. In this work, the impact of sio2 nanoparticles on the. Wettability alteration with several anionic surfactants and sodium carbonate was examined by seethepalli et al. The behaviour of petroleum components following simulated petroleum migration through an initially watersaturated continuous siltstone 89. Wettability alteration in carbonates using zirconium oxide. Solvent retrieval and wettability alteration during heavyoil and bitumen recovery by sosfr steamoversolvent injection in fractured reservoirs method. Flow in the reservoir is modeled by looking at a single fracture surrounded by matrix on both sides. Sep 16, 2017 unlike conventional oil production methods, enhanced oil recovery eor processes can recover most oil products from the reservoir. Solvent retrieval and wettability alteration during heavy. Experimental investigations of the wettability of clays and.
Journal of petroleum science and engineering 2019, 172, 280287. Wettability alteration and spontaneous imbibition in oilwet. The relative permeability of the oil phase increases with the increase of the waterwetness of the solid surface. The most common description of wettability is the contact angle, defined as the angle between the tangent to the liquidfluid interface and the tangent to the solid surface, as fig. Fourteen different surfactants were tested for spontaneous imbibition into oilwet chalk cores. This alteration was measured based on the contact angles of different surfactant solutions on oiltreated glass chips. Tang and morrow 1997, 1999 did research on the impact of brine salinity on oil recovery. The adhesion work could be reduced by the surfactantinduced wettability alteration from oilwet conditions to waterwet conditions. The extended derjaguinlandauverweyoverbeek dlvo theory, which has been often used to calculate the contact angles, is not available to obtain an accurate contact. Wettability alteration by magnesium ion binding in heavy oil. A moneymaker forum panel discussion talk given by salem thyne, esal in oklahoma city, oklahoma on 4 april, 2019. In general term, wettability is the tendency of one fluid to spread on or adhere to a solid surface in the presence of other immiscible fluid 2. Fc722 has a more pronounced effect on the wettability alteration to preferential gaswetting.
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